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''Solanum linnaeanum'' is a nightshade species known as devil's apple and, in some places where it is introduced, apple of Sodom. The latter name is also used for other nightshades and entirely different plants elsewhere. This poisonous plant bearing tomato-like fruit is native to South Africa,〔AWC (2004)〕 Zimbabwe and Mozambique,〔Species Fact Sheet, Queensland Government〕 and is considered to be an invasive species in Australia,〔DAF-WA ()〕 New Zealand,〔Roy ''et al.'' (2005)〕 Hawaii, Fiji, New Caledonia, and other Pacific Islands.〔(Information on Solanum linnaeanum as relevant to Pacific Islands )〕 Solbec Pharmaceuticals attempted to develop Coramsine,〔SP ()〕 a 1:1 mixture of the alkaloids solamargine and solasonine extracted from ''Solanum linnaeanum'', as a cancer drug. Preliminary clinical trials were initially promising,〔Millward ''et al.'' (2005)〕 but the drug was ultimately unsuccessful. ''Solanum linnaeanum'' may be confused with ''Solanum cinereum'' (Narrawa burr) in Australia,〔Species Fact Sheet, Queensland Government〕 the neotropical ''Solanum capsicoides'',〔Species Fact Sheet, Queensland Government〕 or ''Solanum incanum'' in Africa. ==Synonyms== Due to confusion about what species the original ''Solanum sodomeum'' of Carl Linnaeus referred to, the old description was discarded and the plant redescribed as currently understood. A new taxon honoring Linnaeus was chosen. A number of invalid taxa have thus become attached to the devil's apple:〔Solanaceae Source (2008)〕 * ''Solanum astrophorum'' Jan (''nomen nudum'') * ''Solanum hermannii'' Dunal * ''Solanum mccannii'' Santapau * ''Solanum sodomeum'' L. * ''Solanum sodomeum var. hermannii'' (Dunal) Dunal * ''Solanum sodomeum var. mediterraneum'' Dunal * ''Solanum undatum'' Bouton ex Dunal (preoccupied) :''Solanum undatum'' as described by Walsh is ''Solanum lycocarpum''. :''Solanum undatum'' var. ''violaceum'', described by Dunal in de Candolle, is the original ''Solanum aethiopicum'' of Linnaeus. It is not clear whether the plant described by Drège as ''Solanum sodomeum'' was of this species. ''Solanum sodomeum'' by Russ based on Nees von Esenbeck is another ''nomen nudum''.〔 Furthermore, the common name "Apple of Sodom" is also applied to the dogbane species ''Calotropis procera''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=USDA GRIN Taxonomy )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Solanum linnaeanum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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